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1 disaster facilities
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2 disaster facilities
1. средства аварийного резерва2. средства аварийного резеерва3. средство аварийного резерва -
3 disaster facilities
English-Russian big polytechnic dictionary > disaster facilities
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4 disaster facilities
средства аварийного резерва nсредство аварийного резерваБольшой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > disaster facilities
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5 disaster facilities
1) Техника: средоустойчивость аварийного резерва2) Вычислительная техника: средства аварийного резерва3) Механика: средства аварийной защиты -
6 disaster facilities
Англо-русский словарь по машиностроению > disaster facilities
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7 disaster facilities
засоби аварійного резерву; аварійні потужності; запасні об'єкти -
8 disaster facilities
English-Russian dictionary of computer science and programming > disaster facilities
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9 disaster facilities
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10 disaster facilities
средства аварийного резерва, средства аварийной защиты
Англо-русский словарь по робототехнике > disaster facilities
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11 disaster facilities
English-Russian information technology > disaster facilities
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12 disaster facilities
English-Russian dictionary of computer science > disaster facilities
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13 средства аварийного резерва
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > средства аварийного резерва
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14 facility
fəˈsɪlɪtɪ сущ.
1) а) легкость (как отсутствие помех, трудностей) The facility or difficulty of understanding. ≈ Легкость или трудность в понимании. б) легкость, плавность( о слоге, речи и т.п.) Spenser composed with great facility. ≈ Спенсер писал очень легко. ∙ Syn: ease, freedom, readiness, aptitude, dexterity, fluency
2) а) возможность, благоприятные условия;
льготы Syn: opportunity б) мн. средства обслуживания, удобства;
услуги There was but little need of postal facilities. ≈ В почтовых услугах практически не было потребности. в) мн. оборудование, приспособления, аппаратура( for) ;
здания( заводов, фирм и т.п.) to provide facility for ≈ доставать оборудование для recreational facilities ≈ место отдыха и развлечений (спортплощадки, теннисные корты и т.д.) athletic facilities dining facilities eating facilities educational facilities mechanical facilities medical facilities modern facilities outmoded facilities research facilities storage facilities transportation facilities Syn: installation
4)
3) а) податливость, уступчивость б) доступность facility of access Syn: pliancy, liability, readiness
4) беспечность, невнимательность, халатность Those who read them with careless facility. ≈ Те, кто с непростительной невнимательностью читают их. Syn: lassitude, carelessness легкость, несложность - the * of the task несложность задачи - the * with which he has done it легкость, с которой он это проделал способность;
подвижность, гибкость (ума) - to have great * in learning langauges иметь хорошие способности к языкам гладкость( стиля) ;
плавность (речи) - to speak with * говорить гладко умение, ловкость, легкость - to write letters with * легко писать письма - to play the piano with * бегло играть на фортепиано - he showed marvellous * in playing difficult music он с удивительной легкостью исполняет трудную музыку - practice gives a wonderful * мастерство достигается практикой мягкость, покладистость, уступчивость;
подверженность влиянию (со стороны) - it's a great error to take * for good nature принимать покладистость за доброту - большая ошибка( техническое) доступность - * of access доступность (для осмотра и т. п.) обыкн. pl удобства;
средства обслуживания - good transportation facilities хорошо организованный транспорт возможности, благоприятные условия;
льготы - facilities for research благоприятные условия для исследований - my way of life offers no facilities for study у меня нет благоприятных условий для занятий - they are not given the facilities you have у них нет таких возможностей /льгот/, как у вас pl оборудование;
средства;
устройства;
установка, аппаратура - athletic facilities спортивные сооружения - bathing facilities оборудование пляжа /бассейна/ - lighting facilities осветительные устройства объект или сооружение( ракетная база и т. п.) ;
часть объекта;
установка pl средства;
оборудование pl (экономика) производственные мощности( компьютерное) линия связи > local police * местный полицейский участок;
местная полиция athletic facilities спортивные сооружения auxiliary ~ дополнительная возможность backstop ~ согласие предоставить помощь borrowing ~ возможность получения займа borrowing ~ возможность получения кредита borrowing ~ at national bank возможность получения займа в национальном банке browse facilities вчт. средства обеспечения просмотра change ~ вчт. средство модификации communication facilities вчт. средства связи compare ~ вчт. устройство сравнения comprehensive facilities вчт. развитые возможности computer ~ вчт. вычислительный центр computing facilities вычислительные средства credit ~ возможность получения кредита credit ~ источник кредитования credit ~ against invoice кредит против счета-фактуры credit-drawing ~ возможность получения кредита debugging facilities вчт. средства отладки debugging facilities вчт. средство отладки disaster facilities вчт. средства аварийного резерва documentation facilities вчт. средства документирования drawing ~ тиражное оборудование drop-in ~ служба помощи без предварительной записи (оказывает помощь алкоголикам, наркоманам, бездомным) explanation facilities вчт. средства обоснования facility (обыкн. pl) возможности, благоприятные условия;
льготы;
facilities for study благоприятные условия для учебы facility (обыкн. pl) возможности, благоприятные условия;
льготы;
facilities for study благоприятные условия для учебы ~ гибкость (ума) ~ доступность ~ легкость, плавность (речи) ~ легкость;
отсутствие препятствий и помех ~ легкость ~ льгота ~ оборудование, средства, устройства, аппаратура ~ pl оборудование;
приспособления;
аппаратура;
mechanical facilities технические приспособления ~ объект или сооружение ~ податливость, уступчивость ~ производственные мощности ~ способность ~ pl средства обслуживания;
удобства ~ удобство ~ устройство ~ of access доступность (для осмотра, смазки станка и т. п.) financing ~ финансовые средства financing ~ финансовые услуги format facilities вчт. средства форматирования generalized facilities вчт. универсальные средства harbour ~ портовые возможности help facilities вчт. средства подсказки hold facilities вчт. средства сохранения данных information ~ информационная служба inquiry ~ справочная служба interactive facilities вчт. интерактивные устройства lending ~ услуги по кредитованию library facilities вчт. библиотечные средства load facilities вчт. устройство загрузки management facilities вчт. средства управления management facilities вчт. средство управления ~ pl оборудование;
приспособления;
аппаратура;
mechanical facilities технические приспособления multiple-channel facilities вчт. многоканальные системы обслуживания multiple-channel ~ вчт. многоканальная система обслуживания original ~ вчт. оригинальные средства overdraft ~ источник контокоррентного кредита overdraft ~ источник кредита по текущему счету overdraft ~ предоставление контокоррентного кредита overdraft ~ предоставление кредита по текущему счету payment ~ платежный механизм payment ~ средство платежа peripheral facilities вчт. периферийное оборудование port ~ порт query facilities вчт. средства поиска security facilities вчт. средства защиты service ~ вчт. канал обслуживания service ~ вчт. обслуживающее устройство service ~ обслуживающее устройство service ~ вчт. одноканальная система массовогобслуживания stand-by ~ резервная промышленная установка stand-by ~ резервное техническое средство stand-by ~ резервный кредит subsidized financing ~ финансовая субсидия supplementary financing ~ (SFF) система дополнительного финансирования test facilities вчт. испытательное оборудование trace ~ вчт. средства трассировки transferable loan ~ (TLF) обращающийся кредит transport ~ транспортное средство user interface facilities вчт. средства взаимодействия с пользователем vacant ~ вчт. свободное сбслуживающее устройство watch facilities вчт. средства наблюденияБольшой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > facility
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15 facility
1) устройство; средство2) pl средства; оборудование; аппаратура3) pl возможности•- carry-handling facilities
- cataloging facilities
- change facility
- communication facilities
- compare facility
- comprehensive facilities
- computer conferencing facility
- computing facilities
- database facilities
- debugging facilities
- disaster facilities
- documentation facilities
- error cheking facility
- error detecting facility
- fault tracing facilities
- format facilities
- gateway facility
- generalized facilities
- help facilities
- history facilities
- hold facilities
- input/output facilities
- interactive facility
- intertask communication facility
- library facilities
- load facility
- lock/unlock facilities
- management facilities
- off-site storage facilities
- perceptual facilities
- peripheral facilities
- priority facilities
- query facilities
- recovery/restart facilities
- reporting facilities
- security facilities
- snapshot facilities
- structuring facilities
- test facilities
- watch facilityEnglish-Russian dictionary of computer science and programming > facility
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16 facility
[fəˈsɪlɪtɪ]athletic facilities спортивные сооружения auxiliary facility дополнительная возможность backstop facility согласие предоставить помощь borrowing facility возможность получения займа borrowing facility возможность получения кредита borrowing facility at national bank возможность получения займа в национальном банке browse facilities вчт. средства обеспечения просмотра change facility вчт. средство модификации communication facilities вчт. средства связи compare facility вчт. устройство сравнения comprehensive facilities вчт. развитые возможности computer facility вчт. вычислительный центр computing facilities вычислительные средства credit facility возможность получения кредита credit facility источник кредитования credit facility against invoice кредит против счета-фактуры credit-drawing facility возможность получения кредита debugging facilities вчт. средства отладки debugging facilities вчт. средство отладки disaster facilities вчт. средства аварийного резерва documentation facilities вчт. средства документирования drawing facility тиражное оборудование drop-in facility служба помощи без предварительной записи (оказывает помощь алкоголикам, наркоманам, бездомным) explanation facilities вчт. средства обоснования facility (обыкн. pl) возможности, благоприятные условия; льготы; facilities for study благоприятные условия для учебы facility (обыкн. pl) возможности, благоприятные условия; льготы; facilities for study благоприятные условия для учебы facility гибкость (ума) facility доступность facility легкость, плавность (речи) facility легкость; отсутствие препятствий и помех facility легкость facility льгота facility оборудование, средства, устройства, аппаратура facility pl оборудование; приспособления; аппаратура; mechanical facilities технические приспособления facility объект или сооружение facility податливость, уступчивость facility производственные мощности facility способность facility pl средства обслуживания; удобства facility удобство facility устройство facility of access доступность (для осмотра, смазки станка и т. п.) financing facility финансовые средства financing facility финансовые услуги format facilities вчт. средства форматирования generalized facilities вчт. универсальные средства harbour facility портовые возможности help facilities вчт. средства подсказки hold facilities вчт. средства сохранения данных information facility информационная служба inquiry facility справочная служба interactive facilities вчт. интерактивные устройства lending facility услуги по кредитованию library facilities вчт. библиотечные средства load facilities вчт. устройство загрузки management facilities вчт. средства управления management facilities вчт. средство управления facility pl оборудование; приспособления; аппаратура; mechanical facilities технические приспособления multiple-channel facilities вчт. многоканальные системы обслуживания multiple-channel facility вчт. многоканальная система обслуживания original facility вчт. оригинальные средства overdraft facility источник контокоррентного кредита overdraft facility источник кредита по текущему счету overdraft facility предоставление контокоррентного кредита overdraft facility предоставление кредита по текущему счету payment facility платежный механизм payment facility средство платежа peripheral facilities вчт. периферийное оборудование port facility порт query facilities вчт. средства поиска security facilities вчт. средства защиты service facility вчт. канал обслуживания service facility вчт. обслуживающее устройство service facility обслуживающее устройство service facility вчт. одноканальная система массовогобслуживания stand-by facility резервная промышленная установка stand-by facility резервное техническое средство stand-by facility резервный кредит subsidized financing facility финансовая субсидия supplementary financing facility (SFF) система дополнительного финансирования test facilities вчт. испытательное оборудование trace facility вчт. средства трассировки transferable loan facility (TLF) обращающийся кредит transport facility транспортное средство user interface facilities вчт. средства взаимодействия с пользователем vacant facility вчт. свободное сбслуживающее устройство watch facilities вчт. средства наблюдения -
17 zone
1) зона; пояс; участок; район2) разделять на зоны; районировать; опоясывать•- zone of annual fluctuations of ground temperature - zone of engineering control - zone of height limitation - zone of influence - zone of limit state of soil elastic equilibrium - zone of outer transportation facilities - zone of regulated housing development - zone of saturation - zone of subterranean waters affluent - zone of transport - zone of urban renewal - absorbing zone - active zone of foundation bed - adhesion zone - administrative zone - aeration zone - alteration zone - annual zone - approach zone - attraction zone - bond zone - brittle zone - burner zone - burning zone of kiln - clinkering zone - coarse zone - comfort zone - compression zone - cooling zone - danger zone - dicarbonation zone - drying zone - dwellings zone - fault zone - fine zone - fixed fire zone - floodable zone - flood zone - flooded zone - fluxed zone - forbidden zone - fractur zone - fractured zone - frost zone - functional zone - fusion zone - health-resort zone - heat-affected zone - high density zone - industrial zone - loading zone - marginal zone - moving fire zone - neutral zone - operating zone - preferential housing development zone - preheating zone - preliminary heating zone - protected zone - recreation zone - reinforcement anchorage zone - reinforcement bonding zone - residential zone - safety zone - sanitary zone - sanitary protection zone - sheeted zone - storage zone - storehouse and public utilities zone - suburban zone - tensile stress zone - town industrial zone - transition zone - urban reservation zone - water protection zone - wearing zone - welding zone - wetting zone* * *зона; полоса; пояс; район; функциональная зона ( планировочная)zone divided into plots — территория, разбитая на участки застройки
zone non aedificandi — территория, на которой отсутствуют какие-либо строения
zone to be cleaned up — (городская) территория, требующая санитарной очистки
zone to be provided with facilities — (городская) территория, требующая инженерного обустройства
- zone of height limitationzone to be redivided — часть города [зона], требующая перепланировки
- zone of imperfection
- zone of influence
- zone of linearity
- zone of mountain economy
- access zone
- accumulation zone
- active zone
- administrative zone
- agricultural zone
- anchorage zone
- anchorage zone of fanned-out wires
- audibility zone
- bending compression zone
- bond zone
- border zone
- boundary zone
- breathing zone
- buffer zone
- clearly demarcated zone
- climatic zone
- collective dwellings zone
- comfort zone
- commercial zone
- compensation zone
- compression zone
- compressive zone
- compressive zone of the concrete
- constructable zone
- control zone
- dead zone
- dead air zone
- deprived zone
- de-stressed zone
- disaster zone
- dwellings zone
- earthquake zone
- easily flooded zone
- exit zone
- exterior zone
- failure zone
- flooding zone
- flood zone
- forbidden zone
- fracture zone
- frontier zone
- green zone
- height zone above curb
- individual dwellings zone
- industrial zone
- interior zone
- leisure zone
- limited access zone
- market-gardening zone
- mixed zone
- mixed development zone
- mixed dwellings zone
- neutral zone
- occupied zone
- operating zone
- operational zone
- overpopulated zone
- perimeter zone
- pressure zone
- protected zone
- provision zone
- reafforestation zone
- recreational zone
- regulated traffic zone
- residential zone
- runway clear zone
- rural zone
- safety zone
- sanitary protection zone
- sewer zone
- stagnant air zone
- suburban zone
- supply zone
- tensile zone
- tensile zone of the concrete
- tensioned zone
- tension zone
- threshold zone
- throttling zone
- tidal zone
- touristic zone
- traffic zone
- transition zone
- transmission zone
- twilight zone
- university zone
- unsanitary zone
- urban zone
- visibility zone
- water protection zone
- wave zone
- working zone -
18 Chronology
15,000-3,000 BCE Paleolithic cultures in western Portugal.400-200 BCE Greek and Carthaginian trade settlements on coast.202 BCE Roman armies invade ancient Lusitania.137 BCE Intensive Romanization of Lusitania begins.410 CE Germanic tribes — Suevi and Visigoths—begin conquest of Roman Lusitania and Galicia.714—16 Muslims begin conquest of Visigothic Lusitania.1034 Christian Reconquest frontier reaches Mondego River.1064 Christians conquer Coimbra.1139 Burgundian Count Afonso Henriques proclaims himself king of Portugal; birth of Portugal. Battle of Ourique: Afonso Henriques defeats Muslims.1147 With English Crusaders' help, Portuguese seize Lisbon from Muslims.1179 Papacy formally recognizes Portugal's independence (Pope Alexander III).1226 Campaign to reclaim Alentejo from Muslims begins.1249 Last Muslim city (Silves) falls to Portuguese Army.1381 Beginning of third war between Castile and Portugal.1383 Master of Aviz, João, proclaimed regent by Lisbon populace.1385 April: Master of Aviz, João I, proclaimed king of Portugal by Cortes of Coimbra. 14 August: Battle of Aljubarrota, Castilians defeated by royal forces, with assistance of English army.1394 Birth of "Prince Henry the Navigator," son of King João I.1415 Beginning of overseas expansion as Portugal captures Moroccan city of Ceuta.1419 Discovery of Madeira Islands.1425-28 Prince D. Pedro, older brother of Prince Henry, travels in Europe.1427 Discovery (or rediscovery?) of Azores Islands.1434 Prince Henry the Navigator's ships pass beyond Cape Bojador, West Africa.1437 Disaster at Tangier, Morocco, as Portuguese fail to capture city.1441 First African slaves from western Africa reach Portugal.1460 Death of Prince Henry. Portuguese reach what is now Senegal, West Africa.1470s Portuguese explore West African coast and reach what is now Ghana and Nigeria and begin colonizing islands of São Tomé and Príncipe.1479 Treaty of Alcáçovas between kings of Portugal and Spain.1482 Portuguese establish post at São Jorge da Mina, Gold Coast (now Ghana).1482-83 Portuguese navigator Diogo Cão reaches mouth of Congo River and Angola.1488 Navigator Bartolomeu Dias rounds Cape of Good Hope, South Africa, and finds route to Indian Ocean.1492-93 Columbus's first voyage to West Indies.1493 Columbus visits Azores and Portugal on return from first voyage; tells of discovery of New World. Treaty of Tordesillas signed between kings of Portugal and Spain: delimits spheres of conquest with line 370 leagues west of Cape Verde Islands (claimed by Portugal); Portugal's sphere to east of line includes, in effect, Brazil.King Manuel I and Royal Council decide to continue seeking all-water route around Africa to Asia.King Manuel I expels unconverted Jews from Portugal.1497-99 Epic voyage of Vasco da Gama from Portugal around Africa to west India, successful completion of sea route to Asia project; da Gama returns to Portugal with samples of Asian spices.1500 Bound for India, Navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral "discovers" coast of Brazil and claims it for Portugal.1506 Anti-Jewish riots in Lisbon.Battle of Diu, India; Portugal's command of Indian Ocean assured for some time with Francisco de Almeida's naval victory over Egyptian and Gujerati fleets.Afonso de Albuquerque conquers Goa, India; beginning of Portuguese hegemony in south Asia.Portuguese conquest of Malacca; commerce in Spice Islands.1519 Magellan begins circumnavigation voyage.1536 Inquisition begins in Portugal.1543 Portuguese merchants reach Japan.1557 Portuguese merchants granted Chinese territory of Macau for trading factory.1572 Luís de Camões publishes epic poem, Os Lusíadas.1578 Battle of Alcácer-Quivir; Moroccan forces defeat army of King Sebastião of Portugal; King Sebastião dies in battle. Portuguese succession crisis.1580 King Phillip II of Spain claims and conquers Portugal; Spanish rule of Portugal, 1580-1640.1607-24 Dutch conquer sections of Asia and Brazil formerly held by Portugal.1640 1 December: Portuguese revolution in Lisbon overthrows Spanish rule, restores independence. Beginning of Portugal's Braganza royal dynasty.1654 Following Dutch invasions and conquest of parts of Brazil and Angola, Dutch expelled by force.1661 Anglo-Portuguese Alliance treaty signed: England pledges to defend Portugal "as if it were England itself." Queen Catherine of Bra-ganza marries England's Charles II.1668 February: In Portuguese-Spanish peace treaty, Spain recognizes independence of Portugal, thus ending 28-year War of Restoration.1703 Methuen Treaties signed, key commercial trade agreement and defense treaty between England and Portugal.1750 Pombal becomes chief minister of King José I.1755 1 November: Massive Lisbon earthquake, tidal wave, and fire.1759 Expulsion of Jesuits from Portugal and colonies.1761 Slavery abolished in continental Portugal.1769 Abandonment of Mazagão, Morocco, last Portuguese outpost.1777 Pombal dismissed as chief minister by Queen Maria I, after death of José I.1791 Portugal and United States establish full diplomatic relations.1807 November: First Napoleonic invasion; French forces under Junot conquer Portugal. Royal family flees to colony of Brazil and remains there until 1821.1809 Second French invasion of Portugal under General Soult.1811 Third French invasion of Portugal under General Masséna.1813 Following British general Wellington's military victories, French forces evacuate Portugal.1817 Liberal, constitutional movements against absolutist monarchist rule break out in Brazil (Pernambuco) and Portugal (Lisbon, under General Gomes Freire); crushed by government. British marshal of Portugal's army, Beresford, rules Portugal.Liberal insurrection in army officer corps breaks out in Cadiz, Spain, and influences similar movement in Portugal's armed forces first in Oporto.King João VI returns from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and early draft of constitution; era of constitutional monarchy begins.1822 7 September: João VI's son Pedro proclaims independence ofBrazil from Portugal and is named emperor. 23 September: Constitution of 1822 ratified.Portugal recognizes sovereign independence of Brazil.King João VI dies; power struggle for throne ensues between his sons, brothers Pedro and Miguel; Pedro, emperor of Brazil, abdicates Portuguese throne in favor of his daughter, D. Maria II, too young to assume crown. By agreement, Miguel, uncle of D. Maria, is to accept constitution and rule in her stead.1828 Miguel takes throne and abolishes constitution. Sections of Portugal rebel against Miguelite rule.1831 Emperor Pedro abdicates throne of Brazil and returns to Portugal to expel King Miguel from Portuguese throne.1832-34 Civil war between absolutist King Miguel and constitutionalist Pedro, who abandons throne of Brazil to restore his young daughter Maria to throne of Portugal; Miguel's armed forces defeated by those of Pedro. Miguel leaves for exile and constitution (1826 Charter) is restored.1834-53 Constitutional monarchy consolidated under rule of Queen Maria II, who dies in 1853.1851-71 Regeneration period of economic development and political stability; public works projects sponsored by Minister Fontes Pereira de Melo.1871-90 Rotativism period of alternating party governments; achieves political stability and less military intervention in politics and government. Expansion of colonial territory in tropical Africa.January: Following territorial dispute in central Africa, Britain delivers "Ultimatum" to Portugal demanding withdrawal of Portugal's forces from what is now Malawi and Zimbabwe. Portugal's government, humiliated in accepting demand under threat of a diplomatic break, falls. Beginning of governmental and political instability; monarchist decline and republicanism's rise.Anglo-Portuguese treaties signed relating to delimitation of frontiers in colonial Africa.1899 Treaty of Windsor; renewal of Anglo-Portuguese defense and friendship alliance.1903 Triumphal visit of King Edward VII to Portugal.1906 Politician João Franco supported by King Carlos I in dictatorship to restore order and reform.1908 1 February: Murder in Lisbon of King Carlos I and his heir apparent, Prince Dom Luís, by Portuguese anarchists. Eighteen-year-old King Manuel II assumes throne.1910 3-5 October: Following republican-led military insurrection in armed forces, monarchy falls and first Portuguese republic is proclaimed. Beginning of unstable, economically troubled, parliamentary republic form of government.May: Violent insurrection in Lisbon overturns government of General Pimenta de Castro; nearly a thousand casualties from several days of armed combat in capital.March: Following Portugal's honoring ally Britain's request to confiscate German shipping in Portuguese harbors, Germany declares war on Portugal; Portugal enters World War I on Allied side.Portugal organizes and dispatches Portuguese Expeditionary Corps to fight on the Western Front. 9 April: Portuguese forces mauled by German offensive in Battle of Lys. Food rationing and riots in Lisbon. Portuguese military operations in Mozambique against German expedition's invasion from German East Africa. 5 December: Authoritarian, presidentialist government under Major Sidónio Pais takes power in Lisbon, following a successful military coup.1918 11 November: Armistice brings cessation of hostilities on Western Front in World War I. Portuguese expeditionary forces stationed in Angola, Mozambique, and Flanders begin return trip to Portugal. 14 December: President Sidónio Pais assassinated. Chaotic period of ephemeral civil war ensues.1919-21 Excessively unstable political period, including January1919 abortive effort of Portuguese monarchists to restore Braganza dynasty to power. Republican forces prevail, but level of public violence, economic distress, and deprivation remains high.1921 October: Political violence attains peak with murder of former prime minister and other prominent political figures in Lisbon. Sectors of armed forces and Guarda Nacional Republicana are mutinous. Year of financial and corruption scandals, including Portuguese bank note (fraud) case; military court acquits guilty military insurrectionists, and one military judge declares "the country is sick."28 May: Republic overthrown by military coup or pronunciamento and conspiracy among officer corps. Parliament's doors locked and parliament closed for nearly nine years to January 1935. End of parliamentary republic, Western Europe's most unstable political system in this century, beginning of the Portuguese dictatorship, after 1930 known as the Estado Novo. Officer corps assumes reins of government, initiates military censorship of the press, and suppresses opposition.February: Military dictatorship under General Óscar Carmona crushes failed republican armed insurrection in Oporto and Lisbon.April: Military dictatorship names Professor Antônio de Oliveira Salazar minister of finance, with dictatorial powers over budget, to stabilize finances and rebuild economy. Insurrectionism among military elements continues into 1931.1930 Dr. Salazar named minister for colonies and announces balanced budgets. Salazar consolidates support by various means, including creation of official regime "movement," the National Union. Salazar engineers Colonial Act to ensure Lisbon's control of bankrupt African colonies by means of new fiscal controls and centralization of authority. July: Military dictatorship names Salazar prime minister for first time, and cabinet composition undergoes civilianization; academic colleagues and protégés plan conservative reform and rejuvenation of society, polity, and economy. Regime comes to be called the Estado Novo (New State). New State's constitution ratified by new parliament, the National Assembly; Portugal described in document as "unitary, corporative Republic" and governance influenced by Salazar's stern personality and doctrines such as integralism, Catholicism, and fiscal conservatism.1936 Violent instability and ensuing civil war in neighboring Spain, soon internationalized by fascist and communist intervention, shake Estado Novo regime. Pseudofascist period of regime features creation of imitation Fascist institutions to defend regime from leftist threats; Portugal institutes "Portuguese Youth" and "Portuguese Legion."1939 3 September: Prime Minister Salazar declares Portugal's neutrality in World War II. October: Anglo-Portuguese agreement grants naval and air base facilities to Britain and later to United States for Battle of the Atlantic and Normandy invasion support. Third Reich protests breach of Portugal's neutrality.6 June: On day of Allies' Normandy invasion, Portugal suspends mining and export of wolfram ore to both sides in war.8 May: Popular celebrations of Allied victory and Fascist defeat in Lisbon and Oporto coincide with Victory in Europe Day. Following managed elections for Estado Novo's National Assembly in November, regime police, renamed PIDE, with increased powers, represses opposition.1947 Abortive military coup in central Portugal easily crushed by regime. Independence of India and initiation of Indian protests against Portuguese colonial rule in Goa and other enclaves.1949 Portugal becomes founding member of NATO.1951 Portugal alters constitution and renames overseas colonies "Overseas Provinces." Portugal and United States sign military base agreements for use of air and naval facilities in Azores Islands and military aid to Lisbon. President Carmona dies in office, succeeded by General Craveiro Lopes (1951-58). July: Indians occupy enclave of Portuguese India (dependency of Damão) by means of passive resistance movement. August: Indian passive resistance movement in Portuguese India repelled by Portuguese forces with loss of life. December: With U.S. backing, Portugal admitted as member of United Nations (along with Spain). Air force general Humberto Delgado, in opposition, challenges Estado Novo's hand-picked successor to Craveiro Lopes, Admiral Américo Tomás. Delgado rallies coalition of democratic, liberal, and communist opposition but loses rigged election and later flees to exile in Brazil. Portugal joins European Free Trade Association (EFTA).January and February: Estado Novo rocked by armed African insurrection in northern Angola, crushed by armed forces. Hijacking of Portuguese ocean liner by ally of Delgado, Captain Henrique Galvão. April: Salazar defeats attempted military coup and reshuffles cabinet with group of younger figures who seek to reform colonial rule and strengthen the regime's image abroad. 18 December: Indian army rapidly defeats Portugal's defense force in Goa, Damão, and Diu and incorporates Portugal's Indian possessions into Indian Union. January: Abortive military coup in Beja, Portugal.1965 February: General Delgado and his Brazilian secretary murdered and secretly buried near Spanish frontier by political police, PIDE.1968 August and September: Prime Minister Salazar, aged 79, suffers crippling stoke. President Tomás names former cabinet officer Marcello Caetano as Salazar's successor. Caetano institutes modest reforms in Portugal and overseas.1971 Caetano government ratifies amended constitution that allows slight devolution and autonomy to overseas provinces in Africa and Asia. Right-wing loyalists oppose reforms in Portugal. 25 April: Military coup engineered by Armed Forces Movement overthrows Estado Novo and establishes provisional government emphasizing democratization, development, and decolonization. Limited resistance by loyalists. President Tomás and Premier Caetano flown to exile first in Madeira and then in Brazil. General Spínola appointed president. September: Revolution moves to left, as President Spínola, thwarted in his program, resigns.March: Military coup by conservative forces fails, and leftist response includes nationalization of major portion of economy. Polarization between forces and parties of left and right. 25 November: Military coup by moderate military elements thwarts leftist forces. Constituent Assembly prepares constitution. Revolution moves from left to center and then right.March: Constitution ratified by Assembly of the Republic. 25 April: Second general legislative election gives largest share of seats to Socialist Party (PS). Former oppositionist lawyer, Mário Soares, elected deputy and named prime minister.1977-85 Political pendulum of democratic Portugal moves from center-left to center-right, as Social Democratic Party (PSD) increases hold on assembly and take office under Prime Minister Cavaco Silva. July1985 elections give edge to PSD who advocate strong free-enterprise measures and revision of leftist-generated 1976 Constitution, amended modestly in 1982.1986 January: Portugal joins European Economic Community (EEC).1987 July: General, legislative elections for assembly give more than 50 percent to PSD led by Prime Minister Cavaco Silva. For first time, since 1974, Portugal has a working majority government.1989 June: Following revisions of 1976 Constitution, reprivatization of economy begins, under PS government.January: Presidential elections, Mário Soares reelected for second term. July: General, legislative elections for assembly result in new PSD victory and majority government.January-July: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the European Economic Community (EEC). December: Tariff barriers fall as fully integrated Common Market established in the EEC.November: Treaty of Maastricht comes into force. The EEC officially becomes the European Union (EU). Portugal is signatory with 11 other member-nations.October: General, legislative elections for assembly result in PS victory and naming of Prime Minister Guterres. PS replace PSD as leading political party. November: Excavations for Lisbon bank uncover ancient Phoenician, Roman, and Christian ruins.January: General, presidential elections; socialist Jorge Sampaio defeats PSD's Cavaco Silva and assumes presidency from Dr. Mário Soares. July: Community of Portuguese Languages Countries (CPLP) cofounded by Portugal and Brazil.May-September: Expo '98 held in Lisbon. Opening of Vasco da Gama Bridge across Tagus River, Europe's longest (17 kilometers/ 11 miles). June: National referendum on abortion law change defeated after low voter turnout. November: National referendum on regionaliza-tion and devolution of power defeated after another low voter turnout.October: General, legislative elections: PS victory over PSD lacks clear majority in parliament. Following East Timor referendum, which votes for independence and withdrawal of Indonesia, outburst of popular outrage in streets, media, and communications of Portugal approves armed intervention and administration of United Nations (and withdrawal of Indonesia) in East Timor. Portugal and Indonesia restore diplomatic relations. December: A Special Territory since 1975, Colony of Macau transferred to sovereignty of People's Republic of China.January-June: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the EU; end of Discoveries Historical Commemoration Cycle (1988-2000).United Nations forces continue to occupy and administer former colony of East Timor, with Portugal's approval.January: General, presidential elections; PS president Sampaio reelected for second term. City of Oporto, "European City of Culture" for the year, hosts arts festival. December: Municipal elections: PSD defeats PS; socialist prime minister Guterres resigns; President Sampaio calls March parliamentary elections.1 January: Portugal enters single European Currency system. Euro currency adopted and ceases use of former national currency, the escudo. March: Parliamentary elections; PSD defeats PS and José Durão Barroso becomes prime minister. Military modernization law passed. Portugal holds chairmanship of Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE).May: Municipal law passed permitting municipalities to reorganize in new ways.June: Prime Minister Durão Barroso, invited to succeed Romano Prodi as president of EU Commission, resigns. Pedro Santana Lopes becomes prime minister. European Parliament elections held. Conscription for national service in army and navy ended. Mass grave uncovered at Academy of Sciences Museum, Lisbon, revealing remains of several thousand victims of Lisbon earthquake, 1755.February: Parliamentary elections; PS defeats PSD, socialists win first absolute majority in parliament since 1975. José Sócrates becomes prime minister.January: Presidential elections; PSD candidate Aníbal Cavaco Silva elected and assumes presidency from Jorge Sampaio. Portugal's national soccer team ranked 7th out of 205 countries by international soccer association. European Union's Bologna Process in educational reform initiated in Portugal.July-December: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the European Union. For reasons of economy, Portugal announces closure of many consulates, especially in France and the eastern US. Government begins official inspections of private institutions of higher education, following scandals.2008 January: Prime Minister Sócrates announces location of new Lisbon area airport as Alcochete, on south bank of Tagus River, site of air force shooting range. February: Portuguese Army begins to receive new modern battle tanks (Leopard 2 A6). March: Mass protest of 85,000 public school (primary and secondary levels) teachers in Lisbon schools dispute recent educational policies of minister of education and prime minister. -
19 zone
- zone
- nзона; полоса; пояс; район; функциональная зона ( планировочная)
zone divided into plots — территория, разбитая на участки застройки
zone non aedificandi — территория, на которой отсутствуют какие-либо строения
zone to be cleaned up — (городская) территория, требующая санитарной очистки
zone to be provided with facilities — (городская) территория, требующая инженерного обустройства
zone to be redivided — часть города [зона], требующая перепланировки
- zone of height limitation
- zone of imperfection
- zone of influence
- zone of linearity
- zone of mountain economy
- access zone
- accumulation zone
- active zone
- administrative zone
- agricultural zone
- anchorage zone
- anchorage zone of fanned-out wires
- audibility zone
- bending compression zone
- bond zone
- border zone
- boundary zone
- breathing zone
- buffer zone
- clearly demarcated zone
- climatic zone
- collective dwellings zone
- comfort zone
- commercial zone
- compensation zone
- compression zone
- compressive zone
- compressive zone of the concrete
- constructable zone
- control zone
- dead zone
- dead air zone
- deprived zone
- de-stressed zone
- disaster zone
- dwellings zone
- earthquake zone
- easily flooded zone
- exit zone
- exterior zone
- failure zone
- flooding zone
- flood zone
- forbidden zone
- fracture zone
- frontier zone
- green zone
- height zone above curb
- individual dwellings zone
- industrial zone
- interior zone
- leisure zone
- limited access zone
- market-gardening zone
- mixed zone
- mixed development zone
- mixed dwellings zone
- neutral zone
- occupied zone
- operating zone
- operational zone
- overpopulated zone
- perimeter zone
- pressure zone
- protected zone
- provision zone
- reafforestation zone
- recreational zone
- regulated traffic zone
- residential zone
- runway clear zone
- rural zone
- safety zone
- sanitary protection zone
- sewer zone
- stagnant air zone
- suburban zone
- supply zone
- tensile zone
- tensile zone of the concrete
- tensioned zone
- tension zone
- threshold zone
- throttling zone
- tidal zone
- touristic zone
- traffic zone
- transition zone
- transmission zone
- twilight zone
- university zone
- unsanitary zone
- urban zone
- visibility zone
- water protection zone
- wave zone
- working zone
Англо-русский строительный словарь. — М.: Русский Язык. С.Н.Корчемкина, С.К.Кашкина, С.В.Курбатова. 1995.
-
20 management
1) управление; администрирование; менеджмент2) умелое владение (напр. инструментом)•- accounting management
- advanced power management
- change management
- concurrency management
- configuration management
- connection management
- crisis management
- customer network management
- data management
- database management
- data processing management
- defect management
- disaster management
- distributed data management
- distribution management
- emergency management
- facilities management
- fault management
- file management
- frequency management
- global management
- hierarchical storage management
- human resources management
- information resources management
- innovation management
- integrated process management
- Internet network management
- inventory management
- key management
- knowledge management
- logistical management
- low-level management
- memory management
- metadata management
- middle management
- network management
- open book management
- operating system directed power management
- operational management
- performance management
- personnel management
- power management
- project management
- quality management
- records management
- reengineering management
- remote management
- scientific management
- security management
- simple key management for Internet protocols
- spatial data management
- spectrum management
- station management
- strategic management
- total quality management
- virtual management
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